FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
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For questions about coverage, rights, or submissions, contact the Firearms Research Center (firearmsresearchcenter.org).
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Item type:Item, 1 William Waller Hening, Stat. at Large: Being a Collection of all the Laws of Virginia 292 (1809)(1645)"all negro men and women, and all other men from the age of 16 to 60" could be drafted to carry on war against the IndiansItem type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 307 (1980)(1755)Set the minimum age at twenty-one for enlistment for out-of-colony service without consent of a parent, guardian, or master.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 385, 425 (1980)(1756)Set the minimum age at twenty-one for enlistment for out-of-colony service without consent of a parent, guardian, or master.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 15 (1980)(1746)Sought to raise 500 troops for a state army expedition against Canada. This act also made it unlawful for an officer "to inlist any young Men under the Age of Twenty One Years, or any Slaves who are so for Term of Life, bought Servants, or Apprentices, without the Express Leave in Writing of their Parents or Guardians, Masters or Mistresses."Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 502-11 (1980)(1757)Required most men aged 16 to 50 to enroll in the colony's militia, maintain specified arms and ammunition, and attend three annual training musters. Absences, appearing unarmed, or failing to keep required equipment resulted in fines, enforceable through seizure and sale of property. Captains were required to inspect arms regularly. Selling alcohol to militia members during musters was prohibited and punishable by fine. During invasions, rebellions, or alarms, militia members were subject to court-martial discipline for disobedience or nonappearance, though punishments could not include death or mutilation.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 425-36 (1980)(1756)Established a colonel to command New Jersey's frontier forces and required him to oversee discipline, training, and military readiness. He was obligated to conduct regular inspections of forts and posts, maintain at least eighty men on patrol, keep detailed records of enlistments, discharges, deaths, and military activities, and submit periodic reports to the governor and legislature. The colonel was also required to take loyalty oaths and swear to maintain accurate muster rolls and payroll records to prevent fraud and ensure proper compensation of soldiers.Item type:Item, E. Wayne Carp, To Starve The Army At Pleasure: Continental Army Administration and American Political Culture, 1775-1783, at 66-67 (1984)(1776)George Washington ordered the quartermaster general to stamp all Continental Army tools with the insignia "CXIII" to limit embezzlement of military equipment.Item type:Item, 1 William Waller Hening, The Statutes at Large: Being a Collection of all the Laws of Virginia 292 (1809)(1645)"all negro men and women, and all other men from the age of 16 to 60" could be drafted to carry on war against the IndiansItem type:Item, 9 William Waller Hening, Stat. at Large; Being a Collection of all the Laws of Virginia 281-82 (1821)(1777)Act of May 5, 1777, ch. 3: An act to oblige the free male inhabitants of this state above a certain age to give assurance of Allegiance to the same, and for other purposes. WHEREAS allegiance and protection are reciprocal, and those who will not bear the former are not entitled to the benefits of the later, Therefore Be it enacted by the General Assembly, that all free born male inhabitants of this state, above the age of sixteen years, except imported servants during the time of their service, shall, on or before the tenth day of October next, take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation before some one of the justices of the peace of the county, city, or borough, where they shall respectively inhabit; and the said justice shall give a certificate thereof to every such person, and the said oath or affirmation shall be as followeth, viz . . . And the justices tendering such oath or affirmation are hereby directed to deliver a list of the names of such recusants to the county lieutenant, or chief commanding officer of the militia, who is hereby authorised and directed forthwith to cause such recusants to be disarmedItem type:Item, 6 William Waller Hening, Stat. at Large; Being a Collection of all the Laws of Virginia 531 (1819)(1755)§ 5: That every person so as aforesaid enlisted (except free mulattoes, negroes, and Indians) shall be armed in the manner following, that is to say: That every person so as aforesaid enlisted (except free mulattoes, negroes, and Indians) shall be armed in the manner following, that is to say: Every soldier shall be furnished with a firelock well fixed, a bayonet fitted to the same, a double cartouch-box.Item type:Item, 1631 Va. Acts 174(1631)Act 56: It is ordered and appointed, that the commanders of all the several plantations, do upon holy days exercise the men under his command, and that the commanders yearly do likewise upon the first day of December, take a muster of their men, together with the women and children, and their ages, countries, and towns, where they were born, with the ships they came in, and year of the Lord, as also of arms and munition . . .Item type:Item, 1676 Va. Laws 37(1665)Enforced militias to arm themselves in order to protect churches, courts, and other public meetings from "Indians."Item type:Item, 1779 Vt. Acts & Resolves 59(1779)An Act for Forming and Regulating the Militia; and for Encouragement of Military Skill, for the Better Defense of This State: That every listed soldier and other householder, shall always be provided with, and have in constant readiness, a well fixed firelock, the barrel not less than three feet and a half long, or other good firearms, to the satisfaction of the commissioned officers of the company to which he doth belong, or in the limits of which he dwells; a good sword, cutlass, tomahawk or bayonet; a worm, and priming wire, fit for each gunItem type:Item, E.B. O'Callaghan, Laws and Ordinances of New Netherland, 1638-1674, at 23 (1868)(1640)Ordinance of the Director and Council of New Netherland, Providing for the Arming and Mustering of the Militia in Case of Danger: each provide himself with a good gun and keep the same in good repair and at all times ready and in order; and as they live at a distance from one another, every warned person is placed under his corporal in order that in time of danger he may appear at his post with his gunItem type:Item, N.Y. Const. art. XL (April 20, 1777)(1777)This convention therefore, in the name and by the authority of the good people of this State, doth ordain, determine and declare, that the militia of this State, at all times hereafter, as well in peace as in war, shall be armed and disciplined, and in readiness for service. That all such of the inhabitants of this State, being of the people called Quakers, as from scruples of conscience may be averse to the bearing of arms, be therefrom excused by the legislature; and do pay to the State such sums of money in lieu of their personal service, as the same may, in the judgment of the legislature, be worth: And that a proper magazine of warlike stores, proportionate to the number of inhabitants, be forever hereafter at the expense of this State, and by acts of the legislature, established, maintained, and continued in every county in this State.Item type:Item, 1775 Mass. Acts 15(1775)An Act For Forming And Regulating The Militia Within The Colony Of The Massachusetts Bay, In New England, And For Repealing All The Laws Heretofore Made For That Purpose, ch. 1, §§ 1,7,9: § 1. . . That that part of the militia of this Colony, commonly called the Training-Band, shall be constituted of all the able-bodied male persons therein, from sixteen years old to fifty [excepting Quakers and others]. . . § 7. . . That each and every officer, and private soldier of said militia, not under the controul of parents, master, or gaurdians, and being of sufficient ability therefor, in the judgement of the select-men if the town wherein he has his usual place of abode, shall equip himself, and be constantly provided with a good firearm. . . § 9 . . . That the clerk of each and every company of said militia, shall . . . take an exact list of his company, and of each man's equipment respectively. .Item type:Item, 1757 Mass. Acts 323(1757)An Act in Addition to the Several Acts of This Province for Regulating the Militia, ch. 12: That the Captain or Chief Officer of each military foot company, shall instruct and employ his Company in military exercises six days in a year . . . and on each of said days he shall make a strict enquiry into the state of the arms and ammunition of his Company . . . that every person from the age of sixteen to sixty, not exempted by law, shall appear with arms and ammunition according to law, and attend his duty each of the aforesaid days. . .Item type:Item, 1693 Mass. Acts 48(1693)An Act for Regulating of the Militia, ch. 3, §§ 1, 5: That all male persons from sixteen years of age to sixty, (other than such as are herein after excepted), shall bear arms, and duly attend all musters and military exercises of the respective troops and companies where they are listed . . . § 5 That every listed solider and other householder (except troopers) shall be always provided with a well fixed firelock musket, or musket or bastard musket bore . . .Item type:Item, An Act for Regulating the Militia of the Province of Maryland, in Votes and Proceedings of the Lower House of Assembly of the Province of Maryland (22 May, 1756)(1756)Prohibited the sale of strong liquor within five miles of any place of militia training.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 307 (1980)(1755)Set the minimum age at twenty-one for enlistment for out-of-colony service without consent of a parent, guardian, or master.Item type:Item, 1778 N.J. Laws 45(1778)An Act for the Regulating, Training and Arraying of the Militia, ch. 21, 11: That every Person enrolled shall constantly keep himself furnished with a good Musket, well fitted with a Bayonet, Steel Ramrod and Worm, a Cartridge-box, twenty three Rounds of Cartridges sized to his Musket, a Priming-wire, Brush and twelve Flints, a Knapsack and CanteenItem type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 385, 425 (1980)(1756)Set the minimum age at twenty-one for enlistment for out-of-colony service without consent of a parent, guardian, or master.Item type:Item, 1746 N.J. Laws 139-47, reprinted in 2 Backgrounds of Selective Service: Military Obligation: The American Tradition 24 (1947)(1746)An Act for better settling and regulating the Militia of this Colony of New-Jersey, for the repelling Invasions, and Suppressing Insurrections and Rebellions. Passed May 8, 1746. Section 3. Officers and Soldiers to behave well while under Arms; and, Section 23: Prohibited the sale of any strong liquor to members of the militia. Violators fined three pounds.Item type:Item, 1777 Ga. Const. arts. 33-34(1777)Granted the governor title of captains general and commander-in-chief over all militia, military, and naval forces belonging to the state of Georgia. Also specified that commissions continue during good behavior.Item type:Item, 1776 Del. Const. art. 9, 28(1776)Granted the state president to act as the captain-general and commander-in-chief of the militia and other military forces of the state.