FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
Questions
For questions about coverage, rights, or submissions, contact the Firearms Research Center (firearmsresearchcenter.org).
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Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Chas. Ben. Darwin, Ordinances of the City of Burlington 112 (1856)(1855)Prohibited the discharge of firearms within the city.Item type:Item, Ordinance no. 5, §§ 1 & 6, in The Nevada Democrat, Aug. 20, 1856, at 4(1856)Imposed a $10 quarterly license on pistol and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Ordinances of the Corporation of the City of Baltimore 277-83 (1801)(1801)Regulated gunpowder storage and transport to reduce fire and explosion risks. It limited private possession, required excess powder to be stored in a public magazine, imposed transport and shipping restrictions, authorized searches for violations, established a superintendent to manage the magazine, and imposed penalties for noncompliance.Item type:Item, 1827 N.H. Laws 231-32(1827)Required local tax collectors to collect assessed taxes, and provide advance notice before seizing property for nonpayment, and authorized distraint and public auction of a delinquent taxpayer’s goods after specified notice periods and procedures if taxes remain unpaid.Item type:Item, Oliver H. Prince, Digest of the Laws of the State of Georgia 407, 409 (1822)(1806)Required "All male white inhabitants ... from the age of eighteen to forty-five years ... to appear and work upon the several roads, creeks, causeways, water- passages, and bridges" and to "carry with him one good and sufficient gun or pair of pistols, and at least nine cartridges to fit the same, or twelve loads of powder and ball, or buck shot."Item type:Item, William Stanley, Charter and Ordinances of the City of Leavenworth 42 (1859)(1859)§§ 1-2: Prohibited the carry of concealed weapons. Prohibited any person guilty of carrying a pistol, dirk, bowie-knife, colt, slung-shot, metal knuckles, or any other deadly weapon. Violators fined not less than five, nor more than two hundred dollars.Item type:Item, John G. Aikin, A Digest of the Laws of the State of Alabama 391–92 (1833)(1805)Prohibited any "slave" from keeping or carrying any gun or ammunition without permission from a justice of the peace.Item type:Item, 1841 Ala. Laws 148-49(1841)§ 4: Prohibited the concealed carrying of "a bowie knife, or knife or instrument of the like kind or description, by whatever name called, dirk or any other deadly weapon, pistol or any species of firearms, or air gun," unless the person is threatened with an attack or is traveling or "setting out on a journey." Punished by a fine of $50-100.Item type:Item, 1 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 540 (1834)(1809)Authorized the arrest of individuals who willfully and maliciously stabbed, shot, or injured another.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1289-90 (1834)(1813)Prohibited the concealed carry of any pocket pistol, dirk, knife, or sword cane, unless traveling.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1167 (1834)(1815)Required all free men to bear arms for the common defense, but conscientious objectors were ordered to pay a sum equal to the value of the foregone personal services.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1211 (1834)(1831)Required the quartermaster general to distribute public arms among the members of each company.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1267 (1834)(1801)Provided a six month to six year prison sentence for murder.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1281 (1834)(1802)§ 13 provided one- to five-year prison sentence for wounding another nonfatally with a deadly weapon. § 15 provided one- to two-year prison sentence for assault and attempted robbery.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1284 (1834)(1804)Provided one- to five-year prison sentence for wounding another nonfatally with a deadly weapon.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1301 (1834)(1828)Criminalized the nonfatal wounding of another with a deadly weapon in a sudden affray or heat of passion.Item type:Item, 1 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 148–49 (1834)(1814)Authorized the governor to take and keep public arms.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1472 (1834)(1829)§ 5 prohibited enslaved persons and other minorities from possessing firearms, subject to seizure. § 6 provided an exception for housekeepers and licensed individuals.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1291 (1834)(1819)Provided that if any slave wound or attempt to kill any white person, that slave and their aiders and abettors would be punished by death.Item type:Item, Wis. Stat. Ann. 2379, § 4384 (1889)(1848)If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, An Ordinance Assessing Taxes for the City of Wheeling, in Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, April 7, 1856, at 2(1856)On every license to keep a pistol gallery, seventy-five dollars.Item type:Item, Constitution and Laws of His Majesty Kamehameha III., King of the Hawaiian Islands 19 (1852)(1852)§ 1: Prohibited the carry of any Bowie-knife, sword-cane, air gun, slung-shot, or other deadly weapon. Violators fined no less than ten but no more than thirty dollars.Item type:Item, Tex. Const., Art. I, § 13(1845)Declared every citizen "shall have the right to keep and bear arms in the lawful defence of himself and the State"Item type:Item, Mo. Const. of 1820 art. XIII, § 3(1820)Declared that the right of the People to bear arms in defence of themselves and of the state shall not be questioned.Item type:Item, Miss. Const. art. I, § 23(1817)Declared every citizen has a right to bear arms in defence of himself and the State.Item type:Item, 1859 Minn. Pub. Stat. 798-800(1858)Ch. 120, §§ 1, 8: That all able-bodied, white male citizens resident of this state, being eighteen years of age, and under the age of forty-five years, excepting persons exempt by law, shall be enrolled in the militia, and perform military duty in such manner-not incompatible with the constitution and laws of the United States-as hereinafter prescribedItem type:Item, Item type:Item, Me. Const. of 1819, art. I, § 16(1819)Provided that every citizen has a right to keep and bear arms for the common defense, and the right shall never be questioned.Item type:Item, 1819 Ind. Acts 39(1819)An Act to Prohibit the Wearing of Concealed Weapons: Prohibited concealed carry of an dirk, pistol, sword in cane, or any other unlawful weapon. Violators guilty of a misdemeanor, fined not more than one hundred dollars.Item type:Item, Mason Brayman, Revised Statutes of the State of Illinois 176 (1845)(1845)Criminal Jurisprudence, § 139: Prohibited the carrying of "any pistol, gun, knife, dirk, bludgeon or other offensive weapon, with intent to assault any person. Punishable by fine up to $100 or imprisonment up to 3 months.Item type:Item, Leslie A. Thompson, A Manual or Digest of the Statute Law of the State of Florida 498 (1847)(1832)Act of Jan. 5, 1847, Ch. 75, § 3: Prohibited concealed carry of any dirk, pistol, or other arm or weapon. Violators fined not less than five dollars not exceeding five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not less than ten days nor exceeding six months.Item type:Item, An Ordinance to Prevent Shooting With Guns, or Other Fire-Arms, Georgetown Ordinances (1811)(1801)"[I]t shall not be lawful for any person to shoot with any gun, or other fire-arm, within any of the inhabited parts of Georgetown or its additions; and if any person shall, contrary to this ordinance, shoot any gun or other fire-arm, such person shall forfeit and pay five dollars for every offence, to be recovered as other fines are now by law recoverable, the one half to the use of the Corporation, and the other half to the use of the informer."Item type:Item, S. Garfielde, Compiled Laws of the State of California 643-44 (1853)(1850)Ch. 125, div. 4, §§ 40-41: Prohibited dueling. Should the opponent be killed, violators and their seconds shall be punished in state prison for a term not less than one year but no more than five years.Item type:Item, Ark. Const. art. II, § 21 (1836)(1836)Establishes the right to keep and bear arms for "the free white men of this State."Item type:Item, 1839 Wis. Terr. Stat. 381(1838)If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury, or violence to his person, or to his family, or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, Statutes of the Territory of Wisconsin: Passed by the Legislative Assembly thereof, a Session commencing in November 1838, and at an adjourned Session commencing in January, 1839, at 381 § 16(1838)"If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury, or violence to his person, or to his family, or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided."Item type:Item, Charter and Ordinances of the City of Milwaukee 126 (1852)(1852)No person shall fire or set off any squib, cracker, or gun-powder, or fire-work, or build any bonfire within one hundred feet of any building in this city, under the penalty of five dollars for each and every offence; and the Mayor, Marshal or any Aldermen or Fire Warden may restrain or prohibit any fire work or bonfire in any part of the city, whenever, in their opinion there shall be danger therefrom.Item type:Item, Ordinances of the City of Kenosha, Ordinance no. 8, §1 & §5 (1858)(1858)That no person shall fire or discharge any cannon, rifle, gun, pistol, or fire arms of any description, or fire, explode, or set off any squib, cracker, or other thing containing powder or other combustible or explosive material in any street, alley, or public ground within this city south of a line running through Lemon street from the lake to the west line of the corporation, and east of West Main Street. § 5 No person shall be allowed to keep any gunpowder in any occupied building within the limits of this city without permission of the council;— and no person shall keep in any such building a greater quantity than ten pounds; which shall be kept in a close tin canister or canisters.