FRC Jurisdictions Portal

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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.

Scope of Content

Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.

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Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.

Metadata & Standards

Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.

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Now showing 1 - 40 of 387

The Charter and Ordinances of the City of Portland 364-69, 371-72 (1911)
(1911)
These Portland laws regulated firearms, gunpowder, explosives, and other dangerous substances. They required licenses for selling or possessing larger quantities of gunpowder, established safe storage and transportation requirements, and restricted fireworks, blasting, silencers, and toy pistols. Gunpowder generally had to be securely stored, covered during transportation, and kept within specified quantity limits. Firearms could not generally be discharged within city limits. Carrying concealed or threateningly displaying deadly weapons was prohibited without a license, with exceptions for certain law enforcement officers. Violations could result in fines, imprisonment, seizure or forfeiture of weapons or explosives, and other penalties.
Ordinance No. 32, art. 3, § 1: Offenses Against Public Convenience, in The Daily Morning Alaskan, June 18, 1903, at 2
(1903)
Discharging firearms, fireworks, or explosives in Skagway required municipal permission; blasting also required a bond. Violators committed a misdemeanor punishable by up to $200, 90 days' jail, or both.
Ordinance No. 32, art. 3, § 10: Offenses Against Public Convenience, in The Daily Morning Alaskan, June 18, 1903, at 2
(1903)
Prohibited storing explosives within town limits or one mile thereof without written permission. Authorized storage was strictly limited, labeled, secured, and subject to inspection; violations carried fines, jail time, or both.
Dick Act of 1903, ch. 196, § 1, 32 Stat. 775, 775
(1903)
This militia consisted of all able-bodied male citizens between 18 and 45 years of age, and also aliens who have declared intent to naturalize. The "organized militia" was the National Guard of the several States. Everyone else was part of the "reserve militia," which later statutes labeled the "unorganized militia."
1907-08 Okla. Sess. Laws 562, ch. 59, art. 1, § 1
(1908)
The governor of the state shall be the commander-in-chief of the militia, and as such shall have supreme command of the military forces of the state while in the service of the state, or until they are ordered and accepted into the service of the United States. While in the service of the state, he shall have power at any time to muster out any militia organization of the state, and he may discharge any enlisted man, and he may cause to be mustered out and discharged any commissioned officers who shall wilfully [sic] neglect the duties of his office, or shall fail to properly account for public property or money in his possession, as such officer.
1909 Idaho Sess. Laws 55
(1909)
An Act to Define the Crime of Burglary with Explosives and Providing the Punishment Therefor, and Declaring an Emergency, § 1: Enhanced the sentence of any person who, with intent to commit crime, breaks and enters into any building, and attempts to open any vault, safe, or other secure place within said building by using nitro-glycerine, dynamite, gunpowder, or any other explosive, shall be deemed guilty of burglary with explosives. Violators imprisoned for a period of not less than ten, nor more than twenty-five years.
1903 Haw. Terr. Sess. Laws 55
(1903)
Ch. 8, § 25: Granted the Board of Supervisors of each county the jurisdiction and power to adopt rules and regulations for the keeping and storing of powder, Hercules powder, giant powder, kerosene, coal oil, benzoin, naptha, or other explosive or combustible materials.
Revised Ordinances and Charter of the City of Laramie 90 (1900)
(1900)
Any person who shall, within this city, fire or discharge any cannon, gun, fowling piece, pistol, revolver or firearm of any description, without permission from the council, or written permission from the mayor, or who shall, upon the street, sidewalks or alleys of the City of Laramie, fire, explode or set off any squib, cracker or other thing containing powder or other combustible material, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction be fined in a sum not less than five nor more than twenty-five dollars, for each and every offense
1919 Wyo. Sess. Laws 17
(1919)
It shall be unlawful for any person or company to store any gunpowder or any other explosive material at a less distance than one thousand feet from any house or habitation, when more than fifty pounds are at the same place; but it shall be unlawful to place or to keep any powder or other explosive material, in any house or building occupied as a residence, or in any outbuilding pertaining thereto.
Revised Ordinances and Charter of the City of Laramie 89 (1900)
(1900)
Hereafter it shall be unlawful for any person in the City of Laramie to keep, carry or bear upon the person any sling, catapult, spring or air gun, or nigger shooter, used for the hurling of missiles or stones, and every person violating the provisions of this section shall, upon conviction, be fined in a sum not exceeding five dollars.
1915 Wyo. Sess. Laws ch. 91 sec. 13
(1915)
This law requires most non-citizens (aliens) in Wyoming to obtain a $25 annual gun and fish license before possessing firearms or fishing equipment, with exemptions for certain residents, taxpayers, settlers, employees, and holders of a $50 hunting license. Violations are punishable by fines of $25–$100, with imprisonment at the rate of one day per unpaid dollar until fines and costs are paid, and unauthorized firearms or fishing equipment may be seized and confiscated by law enforcement.
1913 Wyo. Sess. Laws 165
(1913)
Required nonresidents obtain a license for $5 from the Justice of the Peace in order to hunt game birds in the state.
1907 Wyo. Sess. Laws 96
(1907)
To regulate and prevent the transportation and storage of gunpowder or other explosive or combustible articles. . .
Charter and General Ordinances of Madison 292–93 (1917)
(1917)
Every person, firm, association or corporation engaged in the business of selling firearms at retail in the city of Madison, shall at the close of business on each day during which any such person, firm, association or corporation shall sell any firearms, make a report to the chief of police, giving a brief description of each firearm sold and the name and address of the purchaser. It shall be unlawful for any person, except policemen or any officer authorized to serve process, to carry or wear concealed about his person, any pistol or revolver, slung shot, cross-knuckles, knuckles of lead, brass or other metal, or bowie knife, dirk knife, or dirk or dagger, or any other dangerous or deadly weapon, within the limits of the city of Madison. No person shall fire or discharge any cannon, or fire arm of any description, or any air gun, or fire, explode, or set off any squib, cracker or other thing containing powder. No person shall sell or place on sale, or give away or fire or explode any toy, cap or cartridge pistol or any fire cracker exceeding § inch in diameter and 2 inches in length; nor any so-called "dago bomb" or any similar bomb unless used for exhibition purposes and then only by an experienced agent."
1919 Wis. Sess. Laws 281–82
(1919)
to regulate the storage of gunpowder and other dangerous materials
1911 Wis. Sess. Laws 227–28
(1911)
§ 1. . . § 4393a-1. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to manufacture gunpowder or black blasting powder in any quantity whatsoever within the corporate limits of any city or village or within one hundred rods of any occupied dwelling house or any church, schoolhouse, town hall, depot or other place in which people are accustomed to assemble. § 4393a-2. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation engaged in the manufacture of gunpowder or black blasting powder to store, or permit to be stored on the land or premises where gunpowder or black blasting powder is manufactured, any dynamite or explosive other than that manufactured at such gunpowder or black blasting powder manufacturing plant or within one mile of any plant where gunpowder of black blasting powder is manufactured.
1911 Wis. Sess. Laws 572
(1911)
§ 1728f. 1. No child under the age of eighteen years shall be employed . . . in or about establishments where nitroglycerine, dynamite, dualin, guncotton, gunpowder or other high or dangerous explosive is manufactured, compounded or stored[.]
1917 Wis. Sess. Laws 1243–44
(1917)
No owner of lands embraced within any such wild life refuge, and no other person whatever, shall hunt or trap within the boundaries of any wild life refuge, state park, or state fish hatchery lands; nor have in his possession or under his control therein any gun or rifle, unless the same is unloaded and knocked down or enclosed within its carrying case; but nothing herein shall prohibit, prevent, or interfere with the state conservation commission or its deputies agents or employees in the destruction of injurious animals.
1911 Wis. Sess. Laws 92
(1911)
§ 1. . . Section 4410m. 1. Any person who, with intent to commit crime, breaks and enters either by day or by night, any building, whether inhabited or not, and opens or attempts to open any vault, safe, or other secure place by nitroglycerine, dynamite, gunpowder, or any other explosive, shall be deemed guilty of burglary with explosives. 2. Any person duly convicted of burglary with explosives shall be punished by imprisonment for a term of not less than fifteen nor more than forty years.
1913 Wis. Sess. Laws 655
(1913)
and it shall also be unlawful for any person carrying or being in possession of a gun to run or use a pointer or setter dog or dogs in the field, or upon lands frequented by or upon which game birds may be found between the first day of August and the seventh day of September. . .
1909 W. Va. Acts 59
(1909)
Ch. 2, art. 4, § 7: [T]o regulate or prohibit the keeping of gun powder and other combustible or dangerous articles[.]
1909 W.Va. Acts 479-80
(1909)
Ch. 60, § 19: The carrying of any uncased gun in any of the fields or woods of this state, by any person not having the lawful right to hunt, pursue or kill game, birds or animals in such fields or woods shall, as to such person, other than the bona fide owner, or owners of such fields or woods, his or their child or children, tenant or tenants, lessee or lessees, be deemed prima facie evidence of a violation of this section
1915 W. Va. Acts 404
(1915)
Reg. Sess., Municipal Charters, ch. 11, § 16, pt. 25: To regulate the keeping, handling and transportation of explosives and dangerous combustibles within the municipality; and to regulate or prohibit the use of fire crackers, sky rockets, toy pistols, air rifles or guns, within the said municipality.
1905 W. Va. Acts 70
(1905)
Ch. 3, § 46: The council shall have power to pass ordinances prohibiting the firing of guns, crackers, roman candles, sky-rockets, or any other fireworks, or the throwing of fire balls, or the firing of any other combination of gunpowder or other combustible or dangerous material within the city. . .
1901 W. Va. Acts 197
(1901)
An Act to Amend and Re-Enact Sections Two and Thirteen of Chapter Sixty-Two of the Code of One Thousand Eight Hundred and Ninety-Nine, ch. 89, § 1: No person shall shoot in the public road at any time, nor when shooting on the lands of another shall discharge any firearms on any lawn, pleasure ground or orchard or other ground which is directly appurtenant to or within gunshot of an occupied dwelling house. The penalty for violating this section shall be a fine of not less than five dollars nor more than twenty-five dollars, or imprisonment not more than twenty days, or both, at the discretion of the court, and pay the cost of the prosecution.
1901 W. Va. Acts 314, 320-21
(1901)
Act of Jan. 24, 1901, ch. 144, § 18: To regulate the keeping of gun powder and other inflammable or dangerous substances; to provide in or near the city places of burial of the dead, and to regulate the interment therein
Ordinance No. 8, §§ 1 & 5, Washtucna Town Council (1903)
(1903)
All persons (Except police officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or make arrests) who shall carry upon their persons any concealed weapons consisting of a revolver, pistol or other firearms (except by written permit from the Town Marshal) or any knife (other than an ordinary pocket knife) or any dirk or dagger, sling-shot or metal knuckles, or any instrument by the use of which injury can be inflicted upon the person or property of any other person All persons (except peace officers as aforesaid) who shall draw, exhibit or attempt to use any deadly weapon upon, to or against another person, in said Town, with intent to do bodily injury to such person; All persons (except peace officers as aforesaid and persons practicing at target shooting in a shooting gallery duly licensed) who shall, within the Town limits, fire off and discharge any gun, pistol or firearm of any kind or bomb...
Ordinance No. A 236, §§ 1 (Pts. 1, 7, 12, 21, & 31), 9, 10, 26, 37, & 39, Yakima City Council (1917)
(1917)
Any person in said city, except police officers and other persons who are authorized by law or have obtained proper authority so to do from the Chief of Police of said city, who shall carry or wear in any manner concealed upon his or her person, any dirk, dagger, stilletto, bowie-knife, sword-cane, gun, pistol, revolver sling-shot, metal knuckles, or any other dangerous weapon or instrument which may be used to inflict injury upon the person of another. Any person in said city, except police officers and other persons whose duty it is to make arrestes, who shall draw, exhibit or attempt to use, any deadly weapon with intent to do bodily injury to another, or with the intention of intimidating such other person.-Any person in said city, except police officers engaged in the lawful discharge of their duty, and persons practicing at target shooting in a duly licensed shooting gallery, who shall fire off or discharge any gun, pistol or fire arm of any kind within the city limits...or who shall sell or give, or permit to be sold or given away to any person under the age of twenty one-years any intoxicating liquor, cigar, cigarette, cigarette paper or wrapping, or tobacco in any form; or who shall sell, or give, or permit to be sold or given to any person under the age of eighteen years, any revolver, or pistol
Ordinance No. 56, §§ 15-16, Wenatchee City Council (1902)
(1902)
No person, except a police officer shall have or carry any bowie knife, pistol, sling shot, sand bag or other weapon concealed on or about his or her person; or fire or discharge any gun, rifle, fowling piece, pistol or other firearm within the limits of the town without a permit from the mayor and marshal.
Ordinance No. 3, § 1, Washougal Town Council (1908)
(1909)
All persons (except police officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or make arrests] who shall carry upon his or her person any concealed weapon consisting of a revolver, pistol or other firearms or any knife (other than an ordinary pocket knife) or any dirk or dagger, sling shot or metal knuckles, or any instrument by use of which injury could be inflicted upon the person or property of any other person in said town. And, all persons (except police officers as aforesaid and persons practicing at shooting in a shooting gallery duly licensed) who shall, within the town limits, fire off or discharge any gun, pistol or firearm of any kind, or any bomb, shall be deemed and are disorderly persons and guilty of a misdemeanor
Ordinance No. 520, § 2, Vancouver City Council, (1910)
(1910)
Any person or persons who shall draw any species of fire arms or any dagger, dirk or knife or any other deadly or dangerous weapon upon the person of another or shall conceal upon his person any of the above weapons or any dangerous weapon, excepting a peace officer in the discharge of his official duties, within the limits of the City of Vancouver, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.
Ordinance No. 377, §§ 2-4, Wenatchee City Council (1911)
(1911)
It shall be unlawful for any person to carry upon his person any concealed weapon, consisting of either a revolver, pistol or other firearm or any knife (other than an ordinary pock§et knife) or any dirk or dagger, sling shot or metal knuckle or any instrument by the use of which injury could be inflicted upon the person or property of another person, provided, that this section shall not ap§ply to police officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or to make arrests.It shall be unlawful for any person to draw any species of firearm or any dirk, dagger, knife or other dangerous or deadly weapon in the presence of another with intent to intimidate, an§noy or injure another person. FIRING ARMS OR EXPLOSIVES. It shall be unlawful for any person to fire or discharge any cannon, gun, pistol, revolver, or any firearm of any description, or fire, or explode, or set off any squib, cire cracker, torpedo or other thing containing powder or other explosive material, except on days of public celebration or jubilee, and then only in the manner provided by the Ordinances of the City of Wenatchee.
Ordinance No. 79, §§ 2, 3, & 15, Yakima City Council (1910)
(1910)
It shall be unlawful for any person to fire or discharge any pistol, gun, rifle, cannon, or any description of firearms within the corporate limits of said city. It shall be unlawful for any person not being a police officer or not having a permit from the mayor, to carry concealed about his person, any pistol, sling shot, brass or iron knuckle, or other dangerous or deadly weapon.
Ordinance No. 3, § 1, Ridgefield Town Council (1909)
(1909)
All persons (except police officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or make arrests) who shall carry upon his or her person any concealed weapon consisting of a revolver, pistol or other firearms or knife (other than an ordinary pocket knife) or dirk, sling shot, or metal knuckles, or any instrument by use of which injury could be inflicted upon the person or property of any other person in said town; And, all persons (except police officers as aforesaid and persons practicing in a shooting gallery duly licensed) who shall, within the town limits fire off or discharge any gun, pistol or fire arm of any kind, except by permit from the mayor or any bomb, shall be deemed and are disorderly persons, and guilty of a misdemeanor.
Ordinance No. 1492, §§ 1-5, Olympia City Council (1917)
(1917)
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation, to purchase any gun, pistol, firearm or other deadly weapon, or any ammunition or explosive of any kind or character, without first obtaining a written permit therefor from the Chief of Police of the City of Olympia.
Ordinance No. 2, §§ 2-3 & 7, Soap Lake Town Council (1919)
(1919)
That it shall be unlawful for any person to discharge any firearm or other dangerous weapon, at any place within the incorporated limits of the Town of Soap Lake.It shall be unlawful for any person to carry any firearm or other dangerous weapon, or to exhibit, flourish or to use the same in any manner having a tendency to put any other person in terror or fear; upon any of the public highways or other public places within the incorporated limits of the Town of Soap Lake...
Tacoma Revised Charter and Ordinances 800-03 (1905)
(1905)
Ordinance No. 2284, § 1: All persons (except police officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or make arrests) who shall carry upon their persons any concealed weapons, consisting of a revolver, pistol or other firearms (except by written permit from the Chief of Police) or any knife (other than an ordinary pocket knife) or any dirk or dagger, sling shot or metal knuckles or any instrument by the use of which injury can be inflicted upon the person or property of any other persons. All persons (except peace officers as aforesaid) who shall draw, exhibit or attempt to use any deadly weapon upon, to or against another person within said City with intent to do bodily injury to such person.All persons (except peace officers as aforesaid and persons practicing at target shooting in a shooting gallery, duly licensed) who shall within the City limits fire off or discharge any gun or pistol or firearm of any kind, or bomb
Ordinance No. 25, §§ 1-3, Lamont Town Council (1911)
(1911)
It shall be unlawful for any person except officers of the Law, Police Officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or make arrests, to carry upon his person any concealed weapon, consisting of either a revolver, pistol, or other fire-arm, or any knife, (other than an ordinary pocket knife), or any dirk, dagger, sling-shot, or metal knuckles, or any instrument by the use of which injury could be inflicted upon the person or property of any other person.
Ordinance No. 4, §§ 5 & 10, Leavenworth Town Council (1906)
(1906)
It shall be unlawful for any person or persons within the corporate limits of said Town, to discharge or cause to be discharged any Pistol, Gun, or other firearm or firearms, loaded with leaden or other misle at any time, under any circumstances, within the corporate limits of said town, excepting officers of the law in the discharge of their duties, or in necessary and urgent defense of person or property. It shall be unlawful for any person or persons within the corporate limits of said town, to carry on or about the person any concealed pistol, revolver, dirk, bowie-knife, billy, slung-shot, metal knuckles, or other dangerous or deadly weapon or weapons of any kind, excepting only officers of the law in the discharge of their duties; and any person or persons so offending shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be subject to the penalty hereinafter provided.
Ordinance No. 13, §§ 1 & 7, Othello Town Council (1911)
(1911)
All persons (except police officers and other persons whose duty it is to execute process or warrants or make arrests) who shall carry upon their persons any concealed weapons, consisting of a revolver, pistol or other firearms (except by written permit from the Chief of Police) or any knife (other than an ordinary pocket knife) or any dirk or dagger, sling shot or metal knuckles or any instrument by the use of which in§jury can be inflicted upon the person or property of any other person. All persons (except peace officers as aforesaid) who shall draw, exhibit or attempt to use any deadly weapon upon, to or against another person within said town with intent to do bodily injury to such person. All persons (except peace officers as aforesaid and persons practicing at target shooting in a shooting gal§lery, duly licensed) who shall in the town limits fire off or discharge any gun or pistol or firearm of any kind, or bomb...

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