FRC Jurisdictions Portal

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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.

Scope of Content

Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.

How to Use

Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.

Metadata & Standards

Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.

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Now showing 1 - 40 of 71

1921 Wyo. Sess. Laws 112–13
(1921)
It shall be unlawful for any person to take into the game fields or forests of this State, or have in possession while in the game fields or forests of this State, or to have in possession while out for the purpose of hunting the game animals or game birds of this State any device or mechanism designed to silence or muffle or minimize the report of any firearm, whether such device or mechanism be separated or attached to any firearm or not.
1913 Wyo. Sess. Laws 165
(1913)
Required nonresidents obtain a license for $5 from the Justice of the Peace in order to hunt game birds in the state.
1921 Wis. Sess. Laws 870
(1921)
No person shall hunt game with any means other than the use of a gun held at arm's length and discharged from the shoulder; or place, spread or set any net, pitfall, spring gun, pivot gun, swivel gun, or other similar contrivance for the purpose of catching, or which might catch, take or ensnare game . . . and no person shall carry with him in any automobile any gun or rifle unless the same is unloaded, and knocked down or unloaded and inclosed within a carrying case[.]
1917 Wis. Sess. Laws 1243–44
(1917)
No owner of lands embraced within any such wild life refuge, and no other person whatever, shall hunt or trap within the boundaries of any wild life refuge, state park, or state fish hatchery lands; nor have in his possession or under his control therein any gun or rifle, unless the same is unloaded and knocked down or enclosed within its carrying case; but nothing herein shall prohibit, prevent, or interfere with the state conservation commission or its deputies agents or employees in the destruction of injurious animals.
1913 Wis. Sess. Laws 655
(1913)
and it shall also be unlawful for any person carrying or being in possession of a gun to run or use a pointer or setter dog or dogs in the field, or upon lands frequented by or upon which game birds may be found between the first day of August and the seventh day of September. . .
1909 W.Va. Acts 479-80
(1909)
Ch. 60, § 19: The carrying of any uncased gun in any of the fields or woods of this state, by any person not having the lawful right to hunt, pursue or kill game, birds or animals in such fields or woods shall, as to such person, other than the bona fide owner, or owners of such fields or woods, his or their child or children, tenant or tenants, lessee or lessees, be deemed prima facie evidence of a violation of this section
1909 Wash. Sess. Laws 98
(1909)
Ch. 54-Protecting Game on Lake Washington, §§ 1-3: That it shall be unlawful to fire any gun or to kill, shoot, entrap, ensnare, maim, or destroy any wild birds at any season of the year upon the waters of Lake Washington, or within one mile of its shores, and any person who shall kill, shoot, entrap, ensnare, destroy, or maim any wild birds at any season of the year upon the waters of Lake Washington, or within one mile of the shores of said lake, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished as hereinafter provided.
1913 Wash. Sess. Laws 90-91
(1913)
Ch. 33, § 1: Every person who shall use any sink box or sink boat or sneak boat for the purpose of shooting wild ducks, geese, swan or other water fowl, or who shall use any battery, swivel or pivot gun, or any gun other than one to be held in the hands and fired from the shoulder, at any time, for the purposes of shooting wild ducks, geese, swan, brant or other water fowl . . . shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished as hereinafter provided.
1902-03 Va. Acts 331-32
(1903)
Extra Session, ch. 227, §2070a: It shall be unlawful for any person to shoot at, kill or capture any wild water fowl or wild turkey at any time during the night in this State. . . or to shoot at any game on land or water in this State with a gun larger than an eight bore. . . The possession of any of said guns, sneak boats, nets, traps, reflectors, or other unlawful appliances shall be prima facie evidence of the guilt of the person in whose possession they are found.
1916 Va. Acts 568
(1916)
Ch. 348, §1: Be it enacted by the general assembly of Virginia, That it shall be unlawful for any person or persons to hunt, pursue, kill, or destroy in any way, any wild game or to enter with dog or gun or both with intent to hunt, kill, pursue, destroy any wild game upon any of those tracts of land in Shenandoah county in what is known as the Massanutten purchase area to which the government of the United States of America has acquired the legal title under the Week's law for the acquisition of lands upon the head waters . . .
1908 Vt. Acts & Resolves 132-33
(1908)
No. 147, § 1: No person shall at any time hunt, shoot, pursue, take or kill any of the wild animals, wild fowl or birds of this state, nor use a gun for hunting the same, without having first procured a license therefor as hereinafter provided, and then only during the respective periods of the year when it shall be lawful, and subject to all the provisions of chapter 220 of the Public Statutes
1923 Vt. Acts and Resolves 127
(1923)
No. 130, § 1: Prohibited using, carrying, or possessing a machine gun or automatic rifle while hunting.
1903 Utah Laws 155
(1903)
It shall be unlawful and a misdemeanor for any person to use any gun larger than ten gauge while hunting for fowl or birds."
1905 Utah Laws 197
(1905)
Imposed licensing requirement for non-residents and unnaturalized foreign-born resident to kill any game, animals, birds, or fish in the State.
1919 Tex. Gen. Laws, at 297-98
(1919)
An Act to Preserve, Propagate, Distribute, and Protect the Wild Game, Wild Birds, Wild Fowl of the State . . . , Ch. 157, § 42: It shall be unlawful for any citizen of this State to hunt outside of the county of his residence with a gun without first having procured from the Game, Fish and Oyster Commissioner or one of his deputies or from the County Clerk of the County in which he resides a license to hunt, and for which he shall pay to the officer from whom he secures such license the sum of two ($2.00) dollars. . . Any person hunting any game or birds protected by the laws of the State, and who shall refuse to show his license herein provided for to any sheriff . . . on demand shall be deemed guilty of a violation of the provisions of this law, and any person violating any of the provisions of this Section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined in a sum of not less than ten (10.00) dollars nor more than one hundred (100.00) dollars.
1903 Tenn. Pub. Acts 376–77
(1903)
Ch. 169, § 6: [N]o person or persons shall . . . for the purpose of taking or destroying birds or animals not protected by this Act, use any swivel or punt gun, or gun other than a gun held in the hands and fired from the shoulder, and of the gauge not larger than No. 8[.]
1909 S.D. Sess. Laws 374
(1909)
Ch. 240, §§ 21-22: Prohibited the setting or possession of any "set gun."
1918 S.C. Acts 723
(1918)
No. 393, § 1: Provided further, that it shall be unlawful to at any time use any automatic or pump gun while hunting birds in said county. Any person violating any of the provisions hereof shall upon conviction in any Court of competent jurisdiction, be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than twenty dollars, or be imprisoned at hard labor not less than ten days nor more than twenty days for each and every offense.
1914 R.I. Pub. Laws 245
(1914)
Ch. 1032, § 10: Every person who shall at any time of the year take, kill or destroy any quail or partridge by means of any trap, snare, net or spring, or who shall construct, erect, set, repair, maintain or tend any trap, snare, net or spring, for the purpose of taking, killing or destroying any quail or partridge, who shall shoot any water fowl by means or by use of any battery, swivel, punt, or pivot gun, or who shall take, kill, or pursue with intent to kill any migratory bird or insectivorous bird between sunset and sunrise, shall be fined for each offense twenty dollars.
1907 R.I. Pub. Laws 252
(1907)
An Act for the Protection of Deer: It shall be unlawful to pursue or shoot deer in this state except in accordance with the provisions of this act.
1909 Pa. Laws 466, No. 261, § 1
(1909)
Prohibited unnaturalized foreign born residents from hunting in the Commonwealth, or to possess a shotgun or rifle.
1923 Pa. Laws 386, No. 228, art. 7, § 704(a)
(1923)
. . . It is unlawful to hunt for, or catch or take or kill or wound, or attempt to catch or take or kill or wound, game of any kind, excepting raccoons, through the use of what is commonly known as an automatic gun or an automatic firearm of any kind, or a swivel gun or an air-rifle or the apparatus known as a silencer, or from an automobile or vehicle or boat or craft of any kind propelled by any mechanical power. . .
1905 Pa. Laws 252-53, No. 180, § 8
(1905)
No person shall make use of what is known as buckshot in hunting deer or fawn within this Commonwealth, or shall kill or wound, or attempt to kill or wound, any deer or fawn within this Commonwealth, or shall kill or wound, or attempt to kill or wound, any deer or fawn within this Commonwealth by or with or through the use of a gun propelling or emitting more than one pellet, bullet or ball at a single discharge; and persons violating this provision shall be subject to the penalties provided by existing law for the unlawful taking or killing of deer or fawn.
1913 Or. Laws 433, ch. 232,§§ 22.
(1913)
It shall be unlawful at any time in the State of Oregon to shoot or discharge any gun at any game bird or game animal from, or while upon any railroad right of way, or any public road or highway.
1901 Or. Laws 221
(1901)
An Act to Provide for the Preservation and Protection of§Forests, Game, Wild Fowls, Song Birds, Trout, and Other Game Fish . . . , § 11. It shall be unlawful to use any battery, swivel or pivot gun, or other gun than one to be held in the hands and fired from the shoulder, either form the shore or on a boat, raft or other device, on the Columbia River, or any lake or river in the State of Oregon, at any time for the purpose of shooting wild ducks, geese, swan or other water fowl.
1904 Ohio Gen. and Local Acts 471, An Act Creating a§Fish and Game Commission . . . §§15 (vol. 97)
(1904)
No person shall hunt or shoot, or have in the open air for such purposes, any implements for hunting or shooting on any Sunday.
1900 Ohio Gen. and Local Acts 235, An Act to Amend Section 6961 of the Revised Statutes (Bates' Annotated) of Ohio, § 1 (vol. 94)
(1900)
No person shall, at any time, catch, kill, or injure, or pursue, with such intent any wild duck or wild goose, by the aid or use of any swivel or punt gun, or any other gun but a common shoulder gun.
1901 N.D. Laws 133-34
(1901)
Ch. 70, § 1: Every person who either . . . 5. Shall at any time catch or kill any of the birds permitted to be killed by this act at any time in any other manner than by shooting them with a gun held at the shoulder by a person discharging the same; or 6. Shall at any time set, lay or prepare any traps, snare, net, bird line, medicated, drugged or poisoned food or grain, or swivel gun or any contrivance or device whatever with intent to catch, take, or kill any of the birds in this act mentioned, whether the same are caught or not . . . is guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof before any justice of the peace of the county, is punishable by a fine of not exceeding ten dollars . . . for each violation of subdivisions 5 or 6 of this section[.]
1925 N.C. Sess. Laws 530
(1925)
Pub.-Local Laws, ch. 460, § 4: It shall be unlawful to trap for bear or to run or hunt deer with dogs or to use while hunting any gun having a "Maxim silencer" or any other device thereon that will muffle the report of such gun, nor shall any gun be used that does not produce when discharged the usual and ordinary report.
1917 N.C. Sess. Laws 309
(1917)
Pub.-Local Laws, ch. 209, § 1: Prohibited killing quail with a gun that shoots over two times before reloading.
1903 N.C. Sess. Laws 154
(1903)
Pub. Laws, ch. 136, § 3: And it shall be unlawful for any persons or persons, either before or after they have put out decoys in the waters of Currituck Sound, to sail or row or propel a boat in any way after wild fowls in the waters of said sound for the purpose of forcing them on the wing or to shoot them with rifle or shot gun from any boat while sailing at any time.
1900 N.Y. Laws 26
(1900)
Ch. 20, art. 2, § 21: Web-footed wild fowl shall not be taken except with a gun fired at arms length without rest. They shall not be fired at from a boat propelled otherwise than by hand or from any boughhouse or floating device used to conceal the hunter if more than fifty feet from shore, or a natural growth of grass or flags. Fowl taken in violation of law shall not be brought ashore, sold or possessed.
1905 N.H. Laws 515
(1905)
An Act to Prohibit the Use of Swivel and Punt Guns, ch. 98, § 1: IF any person shall, at any time, within this state, hunt, pursue, shoot at, or kill any game bird, as defined by section 34 of chapter 79 of the laws of 1901, with any punt gun swivel gun, or other gun not fired from the shoulder, or of larger bore than ten gauge, he shall be fined not more than ten dollars for each offense and shall forfeit all guns and implements with which the offense was committed.
1901 Neb. Laws 372
(1901)
Art. II, ch. 36, § 4, pt. 8: No game shall be pursued, taken, wounded or killed in the night, nor with a steel or hard pointed bullet, nor with any weapon other than an ordinary shoulder gun or pistol
1913 Mont. Laws 53
(1913)
An Act to Provide that Aliens Shall Pay a Gun License, and Providing a Penalty for Failure to Obtain License; to Provide for and Regulate the Duties of the Game and Fish Warden and His Deputies, and to Provide for the Disposition of the Fines so Collected, ch. 38, § 1: Required noncitizens to obtain a license (costing $25) from the Game and Fish Warden before possessing a firearm; license valid for one year; provision does not apply to: (1) individuals who have purchased hunting license; (2) state residents owning at least 160 acres of land; (3) settlers on public land beginning to acquire land under federal law; or (4) persons engaged in tending or herding sheep or other animals.
1917 Mont. Laws 179-80
(1917)
Ch. 109, § 2: It shall be unlawful for any person at any time to hunt, trap, kill, capture, chase or molest any game animals or game birds whatever within the limits of said game preserve, or to discharge any firearms or to create any unusual disturbance tending to frighten or drive away any game animals or any game birds within said preserve;
1905 Mo. Laws 161
(1905)
An Act Relating to the Preservation, Propagation and Protection of Game Animals, Birds and Fish, Creating the Office of Game and Fish Warden, Creating a Game Protection Fund, and Appropriating Money Therefrom, § 11: Any person who, in the pursuit of any wild duck, goose, brant, or other aquatic bird, upon the waters of this state, shall use any sneak boat, or any sail boat, or boat propelled by steam, naptha, electric or other engine or machinery, or any battery, swivel gun or punt gun, or who shall kill or attempt to kill or to pursue, while occupying or using any such boat, any wild geese, duck, brant, or other aquatic bird, or who shall construct or use for the purpose of hunting, upon the ice any fixed or artificial blind or ambush, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $10.00 nor more than $50.00.
The Charter and Code of the Ordinances of Yazoo City 172-75 (1908)
(1906)
Section 291 penalized the use of live pigeons for target shooting. Sections 293-300 regulate concealed weapons and their sale or use. Carrying a concealed deadly weapon is a misdemeanor punishable by a $25–$100 fine, up to 90 days in jail, or both, and the weapon is forfeited and destroyed. Exceptions include self-defense, travelers, peace officers, mail carriers, and certain workers. Dealers must record weapon and ammunition sales. Selling or lending weapons to minors or intoxicated people is prohibited. Additional penalties apply to parents allowing young sons to carry weapons, weapons in public schools, and displaying or using deadly weapons in a threatening manner.
1924 Miss. Laws 554
(1924)
Ch. 323, § 2: It shall be unlawful for any person to hunt with gun or dog on any sanctuary or preserve for birds and game, or to rob or destroy the nests of any birds, or to catch, snare, trap, or net any birds within any such prescribed limits, and any person found with gun or dog on or within such prescribed limits, shall be prima facie presumed to be hunting in violation of this act.
1922 Miss. Laws 235
(1922)
Ch. 181, § 10(b): It shall be unlawful for any person to shoot wild water fowl with any shotgun of larger bore than number ten, or with any rifle or any gun which can be shot from the shoulder.

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