FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
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For questions about coverage, rights, or submissions, contact the Firearms Research Center (firearmsresearchcenter.org).
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Item type:Item, Wis. Stat. Ann. 2379, § 4384 (1889)(1848)If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, 1839 Wis. Terr. Stat. 381(1838)If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury, or violence to his person, or to his family, or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, Statutes of the Territory of Wisconsin: Passed by the Legislative Assembly thereof, a Session commencing in November 1838, and at an adjourned Session commencing in January, 1839, at 381 § 16(1838)"If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury, or violence to his person, or to his family, or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided."Item type:Item, 1872 Wis. Sess. Laws 17(1872)Prohibited the concealed carry of a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol, revolver, slung-shot, brass knuckles, or other offensive and dangerous weapon. Violators guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in state prison not more than two years, or one year in the county jail, or find not exceeding five hundred dollars with costs of prosecution. Sureties of the peace may be required up to two years post-conviction.Item type:Item, Wis. Rev. Stat. 1121, ch. 196, § 4834 (1878)(1878)Prohibited the carry of any dirk, dagger, sword, pistol, or other offensive or dangerous weapons. Violators required to post sureties for a term not exceeding six months, with right of appeal.Item type:Item, Wis. Rev. Stat. 985, ch. 175, § 18 (1858)(1858)If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace, for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, W. Va. Code 703, ch. 153, § 3(8) (1870)(1870)Ch. 153, § 3(8): "If any person go armed with a deadly or dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear violence to his person, family, or property, he may be required to give a recognizance, with the right of appeal, as before provided, and like proceedings shall be had on such appeal."Item type:Item, 1847-48 Va. Laws 129, ch. 14, § 16.(1848)If any person shall go armed with any offensive or dangerous weapon without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury, or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding twelve months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, 1801 Tenn. Pub. Acts 260-261(1801)Ch. 22, § 6: Prohibited any person to ride or go armed to the terror of the people, or privately carry any dirk, large knife, pistol, or any other dangerous weapon. If the violator did not post a surety, the violation would be punished as. "breach of the peace or riot at common law."Item type:Item, 1863 Dakota Terr. Gen. Laws 95-96(1863)Ch. 15, § 18: If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace, for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, A Digest of the Laws of Pennsylvania, From the Year One Thousand Seven Hundred to the Twenty-First Day of May, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Sixty-One, at 250, Criminal Procedure, § 6 (9th ed., 1862)(1860)"If any person, not being an officer on duty in the military or naval service of the state or of the United States, shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword or pistol, or other offensive or dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence shall be required to find surety upon a complaintItem type:Item, 1854 Or. Terr. Stat. 220, ch. 16, § 17(1853)If any person shall go armed with dirk, dagger, sword, pistol, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault, injury, or other violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person, having reasonable cause to fear an injury, or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, 1863 Dakota Terr. Sess. Laws 93, 95-96(1863)Ch. 15, § 18: If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace, for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided."Item type:Item, 1851 Terr. of Minn. Rev. Stat. 528(1851)Ch. 112, § 18: Required any person going armed with any dirk, dagger, sword, pistol, or other offensive and dangerous weapon to post a surety once a complaint was filed, having cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace. Surety not to exceed six months with appeals provided. §18 provided that a surety may surrender his principal upon breach of the condition of recognizance.Item type:Item, Minn Stat. ch. 55, tit. 1, § 17 (1873)(1873)Whoever goes armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace, for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, 1846 Mich. Rev. Stat. 692, § 16(1846)Ch. 162, §16: : If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury, or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace, for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, 1836 Mass. Rev. Stat. 750, ch. 134, § 16(1835)Prohibited the carry of a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol, or other offensive and dangerous weapon without reasonable cause to fear assault, injury, or violence to oneself, their family, or property. Violators required to post a surety not exceeding six months.Item type:Item, 1795 Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 2, § 2; 1795 Mass. Acts 436(1795)Commanded justices of the peace to arrest "all affrayers, ruiters, disturbers, or breakers of the peace, and such as shall ride or go armed offensively, to the fear or terror of the good citiens of this Commonwealth."Item type:Item, Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 12, ch. 169, § 16 (1840)(1840)Required any person going armed with any dirk, dagger, sword, pistol, or other offensive and dangerous weapon to post a surety once a complaint was filed, having cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace. Surety not to exceed one year with appeals provided.