FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
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Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Ordinance no. 5, §§ 1 & 6, in The Nevada Democrat, Aug. 20, 1856, at 4(1856)Imposed a $10 quarterly license on pistol and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, An Ordinance for the Purpose of Creating a Revenue for the Town of Lake Charles, Levying a License on Trades, Professions, Occupations, etc., § 1, para. 3, in The Lake Charles Echo, Jan. 17, 1880, at 1(1880)Imposed a $25 license on shooting galleries with fewer than two tables, alleys, or targets, and a $40 license on galleries with two or more tables, alleys, or targets, with an additional $2 fee per table, alley, or target after the second.Item type:Item, The General Orders of the Board of Supervisors Providing Regulations for the Government of the City and County of San Francisco 95 (1881)(1880)Imposed license rates for sellers and keepers of gunpowder and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, An Ordinance to Levy and Enforce Payment of an Annual License Tax, in The Lafayette Advertiser, Feb. 2, 1889, at 8(1889)Imposed a $5 tax on all gun and pistol establishments and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, Geoffrey Andrew Holmes, Compiled Ordinances of the City of Council Bluffs 168-169 (1887)(1887)§§ 5-6: Prohibited operating a pistol gallery or shooting gallery without a license. Licenses shall cost ten dollars per month or fifty dollars per year. Minors are prohibited at the ranges.Item type:Item, An Ordinance Assessing Taxes for the City of Wheeling, in Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, April 7, 1856, at 2(1856)On every license to keep a pistol gallery, seventy-five dollars.Item type:Item, J. Nelson Wisner, Ordinances and By-Laws of the Corporation of Martinsburg 76 (1875)(1876)Prohibited operating a pistol gallery without a mayoral permit and required galleries to be sufficiently separated from residences to prevent noise nuisances. Violations were punishable by fines of $2–$30 and, for subsequent offenses, up to 30 days in jail.Item type:Item, Ordinances of the City of Tacoma, Washington 334 (Albert R. Heilig ed., 1892)(1892)Classified carrying, brandishing, or otherwise using or attempting to use certain deadly weapons, intentionally displaying or using a deadly weapon against another person, and discharging firearms or bombs within city limits as misdemeanors. Police could arrest violators without warrants, and convictions carried fines up to $100.Item type:Item, Alexandria Gazette, Jun. 15, 1876, at 2(1876)An Act for Raising the Revenue for the Next Fiscal Year, § 2: Imposed a 10 dollar tax on shooting galleriesItem type:Item, Charter and Revised Ordinances of the City of Galveston 94 (1873)(1872)Art. 418, § 26: Every keeper of a pistol or rifle gallery, a tax of twenty-five dollarsItem type:Item, 1898 Tex. Gen. Laws, 121 § 1(1860)An Act Authorizing the Corporate Authorities of the Town of Dangerfield, Fairfield and Springfield, to tax ten pin alleys, billiard tables and pistol galleries, § 1: That the corporate authorities of the Town of Dangerfield, in Titus county, Fairfield, in Freestone county, and Springfield in Limestone county, Texas, be and they are hereby authorized to levy a tax, of not more than five hundred dollars per annum, on ten pin alleys, billiard tables or pistol galleries, to be paid before any such alley, table or gallery is put in operation.Item type:Item, Digest of the Charters and Ordinances of the City of Memphis 147-148 (1863)(1863)Ch. 5, Art. VI: Prohibited unlicensed shooting galleries from operating within city limits.Item type:Item, Ordinances of the City Council of Memphis ch. 4, art. 5, §§ 1-8 (1867)(1867)Shooting Galleries: That from and after the passage of this ordinance, no person or persons shall be allowed, under any pretence whatever, to open, set up or establish a shooting gallery in the first story of any building within the corporate limits of the City of Memphis, under a penalty of fifty dollars per day for each and every day that such shooting gallery shall be set up or continued within said corporate limits of the city.Item type:Item, 1857 R.I. Rev. Stat. 204-05, ch. 80, § 2(1857)Prohibited shooting ranges & galleries in the "compact part" of the city of Newport. Violators fined two hundred dollars for the first offense, and five hundred dollars for every subsequent offense.Item type:Item, Ordinance no. 26, § 6, DALLES CITY, CHARTER & GENERAL ORDINANCES (Himes the Printer 1882).(1881)§Shooting galleries shall pay a quarterly license of five dollars. Every place or building where guns or pistols are kept for shooting at targets, whether for hire or not, shall be deemed a shooting gallery under this ordinance.Item type:Item, Ordinance no. 27, §§ 17-18, GRANTS PASS, REVISED ORDINANCES OF THE CITY (Rogue River Courier Print 1894) (Approved 1889).(1889)Imposed a 10 dollar license fee on shooting galleriesItem type:Item, 1860-61 N.C. Sess. Laws 219-20(1860)Priv. Laws, ch. 180, § 1: Granted the town of Wilmington the authority to levy and collect taxes annually on all pistols, dirks, Bowie-knives, or sword-canes if worn about the person at any time during the year, as well as all pistol galleries.Item type:Item, D. T. Valentine, Ordinances of the Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty of the City of New York 235 (1859)(1859)Ch. 13, § 6 : No tavern-keeper, keeper of a public house, garden or place of resort, nor any other person, shall suffer or permit any person to practice with or fire off any pistol, gun, fowling-piece or other fire-arms, in or upon his or her premises, nor shall suffer or permit any pistol gallery, erected in his or her house, or upon his or her premises, to be used for the purpose of practicing with any pistol gun, fowling-piece or other fire-arms, upon the first day of the week, called Sunday, under the penalty of fifty dollars for each offense, to be sued for and recovered from the person keeping such public house, tavern, public garden, pistol gallery, place of resort or premises;Item type:Item, Henry Smith Kelley, Laws Applicable to and Governing the City of Saint Joseph, Missouri 192 (1888)(1888)§ 3: No person shall carry on or take part in carrying on, any pistol gallery or shooting gallery, without a license therefor from said city; and the charge for such license shall be five dollars per month.Item type:Item, The Charter and Code of the Ordinances of Yazoo City 172-75 (1908)(1906)Section 291 penalized the use of live pigeons for target shooting. Sections 293-300 regulate concealed weapons and their sale or use. Carrying a concealed deadly weapon is a misdemeanor punishable by a $25–$100 fine, up to 90 days in jail, or both, and the weapon is forfeited and destroyed. Exceptions include self-defense, travelers, peace officers, mail carriers, and certain workers. Dealers must record weapon and ammunition sales. Selling or lending weapons to minors or intoxicated people is prohibited. Additional penalties apply to parents allowing young sons to carry weapons, weapons in public schools, and displaying or using deadly weapons in a threatening manner.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Municipal Register of the City of Haverhill 156 (1897)(1896)ch. 41, §§ 1-3: The Board of Aldermen may grant a license to any suitable person to keep a shooting-gallery under such conditions and restrictions as it may deem proper, and may revoke the same at pleasure. Sect. 2. No person shall keep or suffer to be kept a shooting-gallery in a house, building, yard, or dependency thereof, by him actually occupied or owned, without such a license. Sect. 3. Any constable or member of the police force shall at all times have the right to enter upon premises occupied as a shooting-gallery for the purpose of inspection, and no person shall hinder or obstruct the entrance of such officer."Item type:Item, An Ordinance to Establish a Uniform Rate of Taxes and Licenses, in The New Orleans Crescent, December 30, 1868, at 6 (New Orleans, Louisiana).(1869)imposed a 50 dollar tax on pistol galleriesItem type:Item, Title XIV. Of Aleatory Contracts (Art. 2982-2984) Book III, art. 2983, (La. 1940) (enacted 1808)(1808)The law grants no action for the payment of what has been won at gaming or by a bet, except for games tending to promote skill in the use of arms, such as the exercise of the gun, foot, horse and chariot racing."Item type:Item, Henry Jefferson Leovy, The Laws and General Ordinances of the City of New Orleans 242 (1857)(1857)680: Every keeper of a pistol gallery, the whole tax being levied on each and every gallery, sixty dollars.Item type:Item, 1870 La. Acts 127(1870)Persons, Trades, Professions and Occupations Subject to Taxation,§ 3, pt. 6: From each proprietor or keeper of every billiard saloon, bowling alley or pistol gallery, in which there is but one table, alley or target, twenty-five dollars; where there are two tables, alleys or targets, forty dollars; where there are more than two tables, alleys or targets, ten dollars additional on each table, alley or targetItem type:Item, Henry Jefferson Leovy, The Laws and General Ordinances of the City of New Orleans 257, § 635-36 (1870)(1870)636(5): Prohibited unlicensed shooting galleries from operating within city limits.Item type:Item, Chas. Ben. Darwin, Ordinances of the City of Burlington 149-50 (1856)(1841)§ 1: Allowed the mayor and aldermen of the city to authorize a committee on internal improvements to give requirements and regulations before approval of shooting batteries may be given.Item type:Item, Revision of 1895: The General Ordinances of the City of Indianapolis 290-91 (1895)(1895)Be it ordained by the Common Council and Board of Aldermen of the City of Indianapolis, That it shall hereafter be unlawful for any person to conduct or carry on any shooting gallery or room where rifle or pistol shooting is practiced, in the City of Indianapolis, without first having procured a license so to do, as hereinafter providedItem type:Item, Edgar A. Brown & William W. Thornton, Revision of 1904: The General Ordinances of the City of Indianapolis 551 (1904)(1884)§§ 1665-1668: Prohibited operating a shooting gallery for rifles or pistols without obtaining a license. Licenses shall cost twenty-five dollars for six-months or fifty dollars for one year. Violators fined fifty dollars for each day in violation.Item type:Item, Isaac N. Phillips, The Revised Ordinances of the City of Bloomington 47 (1876)(1876)Licenses, Division 11. Shooting Galleries, §1-3: Prohibited owning, keeping, or running any shooting gallery or target shooting without obtaining a license. Violators fined twenty-five dollars for each offense. Such licenses will last for one year and cost ten dollars or fifty cents per day.Item type:Item, 1923 Conn. Pub. Acts 3667(1923)Ch. 222, § 67: Restricted the use of rifle ranges affiliated with the NRA on Sundays to the hours of one and six in the afternoon.Item type:Item, 1927 Conn. Acts 4286(1927)An Act Concerning The Use of Shot Guns on Sundays by Members of Gun Clubs, ch. 214: Extended § 67 of chapter 222 of 1923 Conn. Pub. Acts to apply to gun clubs affiliated with the NRA and members of such gun clubs using shot guns. The extension restricts the use of shotguns at rifle ranges on Sundays to the hours of one and six in the afternoon. Does not allow hunting on Sundays.Item type:Item, General Ordinances of the City of Aspen, § 293, in Aspen Daily Times Jul. 27, 1886, at 3-6(1886)No gun, weapon or explosive shall be used in any shooting gallery, of a size to endanger life or limb, or to frighten horses, or to cause any annoyance to the people of the vicinity in which such gallery is situated, and all such galleries shall be securely enclosed and have protection and planking, or other obstructions sufficient to arrest any projectile in and about such galleries..."Item type:Item, Ordinances and Joint Resolutions of the City of San Francisco 220 (1854)(1853)Ordinance No. 498, section 13: Every person, house, or firm engaged in keeping a pistol or rifle shooting gallery, shall pay for a license to carry on the same, the sum of ten dollars per quarter, in addition to the amount of the powder license.Item type:Item, John H. Herry, Digest of the Laws and Ordinances of the City of Little Rock, with the Constitution of the State of Arkansas; General Incorporation Laws; and All Acts of the General Assembly Relating to the City 149 (1882)(1881)Required a payment and license for the operation of a shooting gallery or pistol gallery. Payment set at twenty-five dollars per year.