FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
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For questions about coverage, rights, or submissions, contact the Firearms Research Center (firearmsresearchcenter.org).
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Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Chas. Ben. Darwin, Ordinances of the City of Burlington 112 (1856)(1855)Prohibited the discharge of firearms within the city.Item type:Item, Ordinance no. 5, §§ 1 & 6, in The Nevada Democrat, Aug. 20, 1856, at 4(1856)Imposed a $10 quarterly license on pistol and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, An Ordinance for the Purpose of Creating a Revenue for the Town of Lake Charles, Levying a License on Trades, Professions, Occupations, etc., § 1, para. 3, in The Lake Charles Echo, Jan. 17, 1880, at 1(1880)Imposed a $25 license on shooting galleries with fewer than two tables, alleys, or targets, and a $40 license on galleries with two or more tables, alleys, or targets, with an additional $2 fee per table, alley, or target after the second.Item type:Item, Amendments to the Charter and Revised Ordinances of the City of Jackson 16-17 (1882)(1882)Required the city assessor to prepare separate real and personal property assessment rolls, including separate columns listing and valuing pistols, dirks, bowie-knives, sword-canes, and other guns.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Compilation of the Ordinances of the City of St. Augustine 53 (1884)(1878-04-28)Imposed a $25 license tax on dealers of pistols, bowie-knives, and dirks.Item type:Item, The General Orders of the Board of Supervisors Providing Regulations for the Government of the City and County of San Francisco 95 (1881)(1880)Imposed license rates for sellers and keepers of gunpowder and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, An Ordinance to Levy and Enforce Payment of an Annual License Tax, in The Lafayette Advertiser, Feb. 2, 1889, at 8(1889)Imposed a $5 tax on all gun and pistol establishments and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, A Compilation of the Acts of the Legislature Incorporating the City of Macon, Georgia 45-46 (S. Rose & Co. 1862)(1862)Required gunpowder to be stored in a public magazine, limited retail storage, authorized seizure of improperly stored powder, established a bonded magazine keeper, set storage fees, and required recordkeeping, inspections, and public auction of unclaimed powder to recover fees.Item type:Item, 1827 N.H. Laws 231-32(1827)Required local tax collectors to collect assessed taxes, and provide advance notice before seizing property for nonpayment, and authorized distraint and public auction of a delinquent taxpayer’s goods after specified notice periods and procedures if taxes remain unpaid.Item type:Item, 1874-75 Va. Acts 282-83(1874)Ch. 239, § 6, sched. B(18): Included the value of all "rifles, muskets, and other fire-arms, bowie-knives, dirks, and all weapons of a similar kind" in list of taxable personal property, imposing a tax payable of 50 cents per 100 dollars of value.Item type:Item, The Charter and General Ordinances of the Town of Lexington 108 (1892)(1873)Prohibited the discharge of firearms and other weapons in public streets and alleys, punishable by a fine of one to five dollars.Item type:Item, The Charter and General Ordinances of the Town of Lexington 87 (1892)(1869)Penalized carrying concealed weapons (including pistols and bowie knives) with fines and forfeiture, except for officers on duty. Further prohibited supplying cigarettes or specified weapons to minors under sixteen, punishable by fines.Item type:Item, Concerning Firearms, in Alameda Encinal, May 3, 1882, at 3(1882)Prohibited firing firearms, pistols, or cannons on streets, wharves, or private property without owner consent, punishable by up to a $50 fine, 25 days' imprisonment, or both.Item type:Item, Charter of the City of Covington 148-49 (1864)(1864)Banned powder magazines, limited household gunpowder storage, and required licenses and safety measures for gunpowder sales.Item type:Item, William Stanley, Charter and Ordinances of the City of Leavenworth 42 (1859)(1859)§§ 1-2: Prohibited the carry of concealed weapons. Prohibited any person guilty of carrying a pistol, dirk, bowie-knife, colt, slung-shot, metal knuckles, or any other deadly weapon. Violators fined not less than five, nor more than two hundred dollars.Item type:Item, Edward O. Wolcott, The Ordinances of Georgetown, Passed June 7th, A.D. 1877, at 100, § 9 (1877)(1877)Prohibited the concealed carrying of any pistol, Bowie knife, dagger, or other deadly weapon. Punishable by a fine of $5-50.Item type:Item, Geoffrey Andrew Holmes, Compiled Ordinances of the City of Council Bluffs 168-169 (1887)(1887)§§ 5-6: Prohibited operating a pistol gallery or shooting gallery without a license. Licenses shall cost ten dollars per month or fifty dollars per year. Minors are prohibited at the ranges.Item type:Item, 1841 Ala. Laws 148-49(1841)§ 4: Prohibited the concealed carrying of "a bowie knife, or knife or instrument of the like kind or description, by whatever name called, dirk or any other deadly weapon, pistol or any species of firearms, or air gun," unless the person is threatened with an attack or is traveling or "setting out on a journey." Punished by a fine of $50-100.Item type:Item, 1867 Ala. Code 169(1867)§ 434, pt. 10: Tax of $2 on pistols or revolvers in the possession of private persons, excluding dealers, and a tax of $3 on "all bowie knives, or knives of the like description." Non-payment was punishable by seizure and, unless payment was made within 10 days with a penalty of an additional 50%, subject to sale by public auction.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, 1876 Ala. Code 929–30(1871)§ 4406: Prohibited hunting wild hogs with a dog and gun without giving notice to "at least three freeholders in the neighborhood." Violators fined not less than ten nor more than one hundred dollars. § 4407: Prohibited hunting deer by fire and with a gun. Violators fined not less than ten nor more than one hundred dollars.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1211 (1834)(1831)Required the quartermaster general to distribute public arms among the members of each company.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1301 (1834)(1828)Criminalized the nonfatal wounding of another with a deadly weapon in a sudden affray or heat of passion.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1472 (1834)(1829)§ 5 prohibited enslaved persons and other minorities from possessing firearms, subject to seizure. § 6 provided an exception for housekeepers and licensed individuals.Item type:Item, 1862 Ala. Laws 8(Ala. Statutes, 1862)Wartime tax of 5% on net profits of various businesses, including establishments that produced guns, pistols, pikes, and Bowie knives.Item type:Item, 1882 Wyo. Sess. Laws 174(1882)Prohibited the exhibition of any kind of firearm, bowie knife, dirk, dagger, slung shot, or other deadly weapon in a rude, angry, or threatening manner not necessary for self defense of his person, his family, or property. Violators guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of not less than ten but no more than five hundred dollars, or imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding six months or by both such fine and imprisonment.Item type:Item, Wis. Stat. Ann. 2379, § 4384 (1889)(1848)If any person shall go armed with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive and dangerous weapon, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person, or to his family or property, he may, on complaint of any other person having reasonable cause to fear an injury or breach of the peace, be required to find sureties for keeping the peace for a term not exceeding six months, with the right of appealing as before provided.Item type:Item, An Ordinance Assessing Taxes for the City of Wheeling, in Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, April 7, 1856, at 2(1856)On every license to keep a pistol gallery, seventy-five dollars.Item type:Item, Wash. Const. art. 1, § 24(1889)The right of the individual citizen to bear arms in defense of himself, or the State, shall not be impaired, but nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing individuals or corporations to organize, maintain or employ an armed body of men.Item type:Item, Constitution and Laws of His Majesty Kamehameha III., King of the Hawaiian Islands 19 (1852)(1852)§ 1: Prohibited the carry of any Bowie-knife, sword-cane, air gun, slung-shot, or other deadly weapon. Violators fined no less than ten but no more than thirty dollars.Item type:Item, Tex. Const., Art. I, § 13(1845)Declared every citizen "shall have the right to keep and bear arms in the lawful defence of himself and the State"Item type:Item, 1862 Or. Spec. Laws 8-9, An Act to Incorporate the City of Albany, § 6.(1862)[To] regulate the storage of gun powder and other combustible materials, and the use of candles, lamps and other lights in shops, stables and other places[.]Item type:Item, Ordinances, ch. 1, tit. 1, § 3, THE BOTTINEAU PIONEER, Dec. 13, 1888, at 4 (Bottineau, North Dakota)(1888)Any person found armed within the corporate limits of the village of Bottineau with a dirk, dagger, sword, pistol or pistols, or other offensive or dangerous weapons, without reasonable cause to fear an assault or other injury or violence to his person or to his family or property, shall, upon conviction before said justice, be punished by a fine not exceeding ten dollars, or by imprisonment in the village jail not exceeding term of thirty days.Item type:Item, 1867 Nev. Stat. 66(1867)Ch. 30, § 1: Prohibited the concealed carry of any dirk, pistol, sword in a cane, slung-shot, or other dangerous or deadly weapon, concealed. Violators guilty of a misdemeanor, imprisoned not less than thirty nor more than ninety days, or fined not less than twenty nor more than two hundred dollars.Item type:Item, 1869 Neb. Laws 53(1869)An Act To Incorporate Cities Of The First Class In The State Of Nebraska, § 47: Allowed the city council to license vendors of gunpowder.Item type:Item, Mont. Const. of 1889 art. III, § 13(1889)The right of any person to keep or bear arms in defense of his own home, person, and property, or in aid of the civil power when thereto legally summoned, shall not be called in question, but nothing herein contained shall be held to permit the carrying of concealed weaponsItem type:Item, Mo. Const. of 1820 art. XIII, § 3(1820)Declared that the right of the People to bear arms in defence of themselves and of the state shall not be questioned.