FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
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For questions about coverage, rights, or submissions, contact the Firearms Research Center (firearmsresearchcenter.org).
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Item type:Item, Item type:Item, Ordinance no. 5, §§ 1 & 6, in The Nevada Democrat, Aug. 20, 1856, at 4(1856)Imposed a $10 quarterly license on pistol and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, An Ordinance for the Purpose of Creating a Revenue for the Town of Lake Charles, Levying a License on Trades, Professions, Occupations, etc., § 1, para. 3, in The Lake Charles Echo, Jan. 17, 1880, at 1(1880)Imposed a $25 license on shooting galleries with fewer than two tables, alleys, or targets, and a $40 license on galleries with two or more tables, alleys, or targets, with an additional $2 fee per table, alley, or target after the second.Item type:Item, Amendments to the Charter and Revised Ordinances of the City of Jackson 16-17 (1882)(1882)Required the city assessor to prepare separate real and personal property assessment rolls, including separate columns listing and valuing pistols, dirks, bowie-knives, sword-canes, and other guns.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, An Ordinance to Levy and Enforce Payment of an Annual License Tax, in The Lafayette Advertiser, Feb. 2, 1889, at 8(1889)Imposed a $5 tax on all gun and pistol establishments and shooting galleries.Item type:Item, Item type:Item, A Compilation of the Acts of the Legislature Incorporating the City of Macon, Georgia 45-46 (S. Rose & Co. 1862)(1862)Required gunpowder to be stored in a public magazine, limited retail storage, authorized seizure of improperly stored powder, established a bonded magazine keeper, set storage fees, and required recordkeeping, inspections, and public auction of unclaimed powder to recover fees.Item type:Item, Concerning Firearms, in Alameda Encinal, May 3, 1882, at 3(1882)Prohibited firing firearms, pistols, or cannons on streets, wharves, or private property without owner consent, punishable by up to a $50 fine, 25 days' imprisonment, or both.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 307 (1980)(1755)Set the minimum age at twenty-one for enlistment for out-of-colony service without consent of a parent, guardian, or master.Item type:Item, 1778 Del. Acts, Mar. Adjourned Sess. 3-5(1778)Included "each and every able-bodied, effective, Male white Person between the Ages of Eighteen and Fifty." Militiamen had to provide their own "Musket or Firelock with a Bayonet," plus the cartridge box, cartridges, priming wire, brush, and six flints. For 18-to-20-year-olds who could not afford the mandatory arms, the parents had to provide them, if the parents could afford them.Item type:Item, 1778 Del. Acts, Mar. Adjourned Sess. 1-3(1778)Another law punished people who bought from militiamen the arms or accoutrements that militiamen were supposed to always keep. If the illicit buyer were a man 18 to 50, the punishment could include six months' service in the militia.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 5 (1980)(1746)Required most men aged 16 to 50 to enroll in the colonial militia, provide their own weapons and ammunition, attend regular training musters, and obey military officers. Violators faced fines and, if unpaid, up to three days' imprisonment.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 502-11 (1980)(1757)Required most men aged 16 to 50 to enroll in the colony's militia, maintain specified arms and ammunition, and attend three annual training musters. Absences, appearing unarmed, or failing to keep required equipment resulted in fines, enforceable through seizure and sale of property. Captains were required to inspect arms regularly. Selling alcohol to militia members during musters was prohibited and punishable by fine. During invasions, rebellions, or alarms, militia members were subject to court-martial discipline for disobedience or nonappearance, though punishments could not include death or mutilation.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 425-36 (1980)(1756)Established a colonel to command New Jersey's frontier forces and required him to oversee discipline, training, and military readiness. He was obligated to conduct regular inspections of forts and posts, maintain at least eighty men on patrol, keep detailed records of enlistments, discharges, deaths, and military activities, and submit periodic reports to the governor and legislature. The colonel was also required to take loyalty oaths and swear to maintain accurate muster rolls and payroll records to prevent fraud and ensure proper compensation of soldiers.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 385-90 (1980)(1756)Authorized New Jersey to raise 250 volunteer freemen to defend the Sussex County frontier against Native American attacks. The volunteers were organized into three companies, received pay and limited protection from civil debt collection, and could be supplied with colony-owned muskets if necessary. The law prohibited enlisting minors, slaves, servants, or apprentices without permission and imposed substantial penalties on officers who violated those restrictions. It also appropriated funds for soldiers' wages, provisions, ammunition, and other military supplies, and established procedures for managing and disposing of unused stores.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 307-19 (1980)(1755)Authorized New Jersey to raise 500 free men and allied Native Americans for a military expedition against French encroachments. Volunteers received enlistment bonuses, military pay, and temporary protection from most civil debt collection, while safeguards prevented them from using enlistment to defraud creditors. Further, prohibited enlisting men under 21, slaves, servants, or apprentices without written permission from their parents, guardians, or masters. Justices could order their release, and officers who unlawfully enlisted or detained them faced substantial fines: £500 for minors, £100 for slaves, and £20 for servants or apprentices.Item type:Item, 3 Bernard Bush, Laws of the Royal Colony of New Jersey 15-20 (1980)(1746)Encouraged 500 freemen and allied Native Americans to enlist for a campaign against French Canada by offering a £6 bonus, temporary protection from most civil debt collection, and military pay. It prohibited enlisting minors, slaves, servants, or apprentices without permission and imposed substantial penalties for unlawful enlistment.Item type:Item, Charter of the City of Covington 148-49 (1864)(1864)Banned powder magazines, limited household gunpowder storage, and required licenses and safety measures for gunpowder sales.Item type:Item, Edward O. Wolcott, The Ordinances of Georgetown, Passed June 7th, A.D. 1877, at 100, § 9 (1877)(1877)Prohibited the concealed carrying of any pistol, Bowie knife, dagger, or other deadly weapon. Punishable by a fine of $5-50.Item type:Item, Geoffrey Andrew Holmes, Compiled Ordinances of the City of Council Bluffs 168-169 (1887)(1887)§§ 5-6: Prohibited operating a pistol gallery or shooting gallery without a license. Licenses shall cost ten dollars per month or fifty dollars per year. Minors are prohibited at the ranges.Item type:Item, 1 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 540 (1834)(1809)Authorized the arrest of individuals who willfully and maliciously stabbed, shot, or injured another.Item type:Item, 1 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 787 (1834)(1738)Designated deer hunting seasons and penalties for out-of-season harvests.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1289-90 (1834)(1813)Prohibited the concealed carry of any pocket pistol, dirk, knife, or sword cane, unless traveling.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1167 (1834)(1815)Required all free men to bear arms for the common defense, but conscientious objectors were ordered to pay a sum equal to the value of the foregone personal services.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1211 (1834)(1831)Required the quartermaster general to distribute public arms among the members of each company.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1267 (1834)(1801)Provided a six month to six year prison sentence for murder.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1281 (1834)(1802)§ 13 provided one- to five-year prison sentence for wounding another nonfatally with a deadly weapon. § 15 provided one- to two-year prison sentence for assault and attempted robbery.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1284 (1834)(1804)Provided one- to five-year prison sentence for wounding another nonfatally with a deadly weapon.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1301 (1834)(1828)Criminalized the nonfatal wounding of another with a deadly weapon in a sudden affray or heat of passion.Item type:Item, 1 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 578-79 (1834)(1799)Prohibited duelingItem type:Item, 1 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 148–49 (1834)(1814)Authorized the governor to take and keep public arms.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1472 (1834)(1829)§ 5 prohibited enslaved persons and other minorities from possessing firearms, subject to seizure. § 6 provided an exception for housekeepers and licensed individuals.Item type:Item, 2 Albert G. Hodges, A Digest of the Statute Laws of Kentucky 1291 (1834)(1819)Provided that if any slave wound or attempt to kill any white person, that slave and their aiders and abettors would be punished by death.Item type:Item, 1785 Del. Acts, May Adjourned Sess. 11-13(1785)Each white male 18-50 whose taxes were at least twenty shillings a year had to provide equipment " at his own expence." As for apprentices and persons over 18 and under 21, their parent or guardian would provide the arms" if the militiaman" s estate were at least eighty pounds, or if the parent paid " six pounds annually towards the public taxes." Arms were " a musket or firelock, with a bayonet," a cartridge box with twenty-three cartridges, " a priming wire, a brush and six flints, all in good order." Fines for neglect were to be paid by militiamen " of full age or by the parent or guardian of such as are under twenty-one years." The guardian could charge his ward for the expense when the time came for " settling the accounts of his guardianship."Item type:Item, 1 Del. Laws 175-76 (1797)(1740)Required " all the inhabitants and freemen" aged fifteen to sixty-three to " provide and keep . . . a well-fixed firelock or musket," plus ammunition supplies and cleaning tools.Item type:Item, A Compilation of the Acts of the Legislature Incorporating the City of Macon, Georgia 47 (S. Rose & Co. 1862)(1862)Nuisances § 5: It shall not be lawful for any person to fire a gun, pistol, or any other fire arms, within§three hundred yards of any house, except in cases of military parade; nor shall any person burn rockets, crackers, or any kind of fire works within the limits of the city. Any person so offending shall be fined in§a sum not exceeding twenty dollars."Item type:Item, A Compilation of the Acts of the Legislature Incorporating the City of Macon, Georgia 60 (S. Rose & Co. 1862)(1862)Ordinance Against Carrying Deadly Weapons: That any white person who shall violate the Statutes of the State of Georgia now in force, relative to carrying about his or her person any deadly weapon mentioned in said Statutes, within the limits of the City of Macon, shall, for each offence, on proof thereof before the Mayor of said city, be fined by said Mayor in a sum of not less than fifty, nor more than one hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the common Jail of Bibb county or the Guard House of said city, for any period not exceeding one month, or both fined and imprisoned as aforesaid, in the discretion of the Mayor. And any slave or free person of color who shall carry about his or her person any deadly weapon of any description-such as are manufactured for purposes of offence or defence-within the limits of said city, shall be punished by whipping and imprisonment in the Guard House of said city, at the discretion of the Mayor-the whipping not to exceed seventy-five lashes, and the imprisonment not to exceed thirty days."Item type:Item, 1672-1714 Conn. Acts 3(1714)Prohibited falsely alarming the colony by firing any gun or guns, at any time between the shutting in the Evening or break of day. Violators fined five pounds or two months imprisonment, or other Corporal punishment.Item type:Item, Concealed Weapons, in The Napa Valley Register, November 10, 1880, at 3(1880)Prohibited the concealed carry of any dirk, pistol, sword-cane, sling-shot, or other dangerous or deadly weapon. Violators guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be fined not less than ten nor more than one hundred dollars. Violators imprisoned until fine is paid, not to exceed one day for each dollar fined.