FRC Jurisdictions Portal
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This top community organizes Firearms Research Center holdings by jurisdiction. It provides separate collections for U.S. states, territories, the District of Columbia, and the federal jurisdiction, spanning the territorial period to the present.
Scope of Content
- Legal sources: statutes and session laws, administrative code, attorney general opinions, appellate decisions, and selected municipal ordinances.
- Historical materials: newspapers, photographs, maps, catalogs, company records, and oral histories tied to specific places and periods.
- Research outputs: FRC reports, datasets, and interpretive materials that contextualize legal and technical developments.
How to Use
- Browse: open a jurisdiction collection to view items for that state, territory, DC, or the federal jurisdiction.
- Search: use keywords and filter by Jurisdiction, Date Issued, and Category. Record any Exceptions noted for applicability.
- Cite: use the item’s identifier and provided links (Original Source and Duke reference) when available.
Metadata & Standards
Items are described using Dublin Core with standardized fields for Jurisdiction, Date Issued, Category, and Exceptions to support precise discovery and comparison.
Questions
For questions about coverage, rights, or submissions, contact the Firearms Research Center (firearmsresearchcenter.org).
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Item type:Item, Item type:Item, 2026-10-01 Attribution Test #4(2026-10-01)Item type:Item, Alabama TEST submission(2026)Item type:Item, Gun Control Act of 1968, Pub. L. No. 99-308, 100 Stat. 449, 450(1968)Required all persons "engaged in the business" of selling firearms to obtain a Federal Firearms License. An FFL may not deliver a handgun to a person under 21, or a rifle or shotgun to a person under 18.Item type:Item, National Firearms Act, Pub. L. No. 73-474, 48 Stat. 1236 (1934).(1934)Requires registration and taxation of certain firearms such as machine guns, short-barreled rifles and shotguns, and suppressors, and regulates their manufacture, transfer, and possession under federal law.Item type:Item, 1933 Wyo. Sess. Laws 117(1933)All wholesalers, retailers, dealers and pawn brokers are hereby required to keep a record of all firearms which may come into their possession, whether new or second hand, which record shall be known as the Firearms Register. Such register shall contain the following information, to wit: the name of the manufacturer, person, persons, firm or corporation from whom the firearm was obtained, the date of its acquisition, its manufacturer's number, its color, its caliber, whether the same is new or second hand, whether it is automatic, a revolver, a single shot pistol, a rifle, a shot gun or a machine gun, the name of the party to whom said firearm is sold in such purchasers handwriting and the date of such saleItem type:Item, 1931-1933 Wis. Sess. Laws 778(1931)Prohibited selling, possessing, using, or transporting a machine gun, automatic firearm, bomb, hand grenade, projectile, shell, or other container that can contain tear or other gas. Punishable by imprisonment for 1-3 years.Item type:Item, 1931–1933 Wis. Sess. Laws 245–47(1933)Prohibited using or possessing a machine gun during an attempted violent crime; punishable by imprisonment of minimum 20 years. Prohibited use of a machine gun for offensive or aggressive purposes; punishable by imprisonment of minimum 10 years.Item type:Item, 1931–1933 Wis. Sess. Laws 778(1933)Prohibited selling, possessing, using, or transporting a machine gun, automatic firearm, bomb, hand grenade, projectile, shell, or other container that can contain tear or other gas. Punishable by imprisonment for 1-3 years.Item type:Item, 1935 Wash. Sess. Laws 599(1935)Ch. 172, §§ 1-4: 'Short Firearm' as used in this act means any firearm with a barrel less than twelve (12) inches in length.If any person shall commit or attempt to commit a crime of violence when armed with a pistol, he may in addition to the punishment provided for the crime, be punished also as provided by this act. No person who has been convicted in this state or elsewhere of a crime of violence, shall own a pistol or have one in his possession or under his control.Item type:Item, 1935 Wash. Sess. Laws 599-601(1935)Ch. 172, § 8: No person shall deliver a pistol to any person under the age of twenty-one or to one who he has reasonable cause to believe has been convicted of a crime of violence, or is a drug addict, an habitual drunkard, or of unsound mind."Item type:Item, 1935 Wash. Sess. Laws 599-601(1935)Ch. 172, §§ 5-7: No person shall carry a pistol in any vehicle or conceal on or about his person, except in his place of abode or fixed place of business, without a license therefor as hereinafter provided.Item type:Item, 1933 Wash. Sess. Laws 335-36(1933)Ch. 64, §§ 1-5: Prohibited manufacturing, owning, buying, selling, loaning, furnishing, transporting, or possessing a machine gun.Item type:Item, 1934 Va. Acts 137-39(1934)Ch. 96, §§ 1-7: Prohibited possession or use of a machine gun during a violent crime; punishable by death or imprisonment for a minimum of 20 years. Prohibited unlawful possession or use of a machine gun for offensive or aggressive purposes; punishable by imprisonment for a minimum of 10 years. Requires manufacturers to keep a register of machine guns.Item type:Item, 1933 Tex. Gen. Laws 219-20(1933)1st Called Sess., An Act Defining "Machine Gun" and "Person"; Making It an Offense to Possess or Use Machine Guns. . . , Ch. 82, §§ 1-4, 6: Prohibited possession of a machine gun; punishable by imprisonment up to 10 years. Prohibited selling, leasing, giving, bartering, exchanging, or trading a machine gun; punishable by imprisonment for 2 months to 10 years.Item type:Item, 1931 Tenn. Priv. Acts 1089(1931)An Act to Be Entitled, "An Act to Incorporate the City of Murfreesboro in Rutherford County, Tennessee . . . ," ch. 429, art. 3, § 4, pt. 46: To regulate, restrain, and prevent the carrying on of manufactories dangerous in causing or producing fires; and to regulate and suppress the sale of firearms, and to prevent and suppress the selling, carrying, using or firing of pistols, rifles, guns, bowie knives, dirks, firearms, or other deadly weapons.Item type:Item, 1935 S.D. Sess. Laws 355(1935)Ch. 208, § 8: No person shall deliver a pistol to any person under the age of eighteen or to one who he has reasonable cause to believe has been convicted of a crime of violence, or is a drug addict, an habitual drunkard, or of unsound mind."Item type:Item, 1933 S.D. Sess. Laws 245–47(1933)Ch. 206, §§ 1-8: Prohibited possession of a machine gun during a violent crime. Punishable by imprisonment up to 15 years. Prohibited using a machine gun offensively or aggressively; punishable by imprisonment up to 15 years. Requires manufacturers to keep a register of machine guns and for owners to converted their machine guns to pistols to register the weapon.Item type:Item, 1931 S.C. Acts 78(1931)No. 58, § 1: Prohibited the setting of any loaded trap gun or spring gun. Punishable by a fine of $100-500 or imprisonment of 30 days to 1 year.Item type:Item, 1934 S.C. Acts 1288(1934)No. 731, §§ 1–6: Prohibited transporting, possessing, selling, renting, or giving a firearm or machine gun. Punishable by fine up to $1,000 and imprisonment with solitary confinement up to 20 years.Item type:Item, 1931 Pa. Laws 498, No. 158, § 4-6(1931)Prohibited individuals convicted of violent crimes from owning, possessing or having a firearm under their control.Item type:Item, 1933 Or. Laws 488, ch. 315, § 2(1933)Prohibited a unnaturalized person and person convicted of a felony against another person or the government from owning or possessing a pistol, revolver, other firearm, or machine gun. Punishable by imprisonment for 1-5 years.Item type:Item, 1933 Or. Laws 489, ch. 315, §§ 3-4(1933)Prohibited possession of a machine gun. Also Prohibited carrying a concealed machine gun, pistol, revolver, or other firearm.Item type:Item, 1933 Ohio Acts 189-90, Reg. Sess., An Act. . . Relative to the Sale and Possession of Machine Guns, No. 165(1933)Prohibited owning, possessing, and transporting a machine gun, light machine gun, or submachine gun without a permit. Punishable by imprisonment of 1-10 years.Item type:Item, 1931 N.D. Laws 305-06(1931)Ch. 178, §§ 1-2: Prohibited selling, giving, loaning, furnishing, or delivering a machine gun, submachine gun, automatic rifle, or bomb (without a license). Punishable by imprisonment up to 10 years and/or fine up to $3,000.Item type:Item, 1933 N.Y. Laws 1638-39(1933)Ch. 805, §§ 1, 3: Prohibited selling, giving, disposing of, transporting, or possessing a machine gun or submachine gun to a person guilty of a felony.Item type:Item, 1931 N.Y. Laws 1033(1931)Ch. 435, § 1; Prohibited using an imitation pistol and carrying or possessing a black-jack, slungshot, billy, sandclub, sandbag, metal knuckles, bludgeon, dagger, dirk, dangerous knife, razor, stiletto, imitation pistol, machine gun, sawed off shot-gun, or ay other dangerous or deadly weapon.Item type:Item, 1941 N.H. Laws 48-49(1941)Ch. 46, § 15: No organization, society, club, post, order, league or other combination of persons, or civil group, or any members thereof, are authorized to assume any semblance of military organization or character by bearing or possessing rifles, pistols, sabres, clubs, or military weapons of any kind, or wearing a military uniform of any kind.Item type:Item, 1933 Minn. Gen. Laws 231-33(1933)An Act Making It Unlawful to Use, Own, Possess, Sell, Control or Transport a "Machine Gun", as Hereinafter Defined, and Providing a Penalty for the Violation Thereof, ch. 190, §§ 1-3: Prohibited owning, controlling, using, possessing, selling, or transporting a machine gun.Item type:Item, 1931 Mich. Pub. Acts 670(1931)The Michigan Penal Code, ch. 37, §233: Any person who shall intentionally, without malice, point or aim any fire-arm at or toward any other person, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.Item type:Item, 1931 Mich. Pub. Acts 671, § 236(1931)The Michigan Penal Code, ch. 37, § 236: Prohibited the setting of any spring or trap gun.Item type:Item, 1931 Mich. Pub. Acts 671, § 237(1931)The Michigan Penal Code, ch. 37, §237: Any person under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any exhilarating or stupefying drug who shall carry, have in possession or under control, or use in any manner or discharge any fire-arm within this state, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.Item type:Item, Laws of King Alfred the Great, A.D. Cir. 890, Cap. 38(890)Prohibited fighting, drawing weapons at meetings in the presence of an alderman of the King. Violators fined one hundred and twenty shillings. Violators in the presence of an official subordinate of the alderman are fined thirty shillings.Item type:Item, F. L. Attenborough, The Laws of the Earliest English Kings 6-7 (1922) (Transcription and translation of the Textus Roffensis,1 the Laws of Æthelberht, no. 18)(602)Prohibited supplying another with weapons while a quarrel is taking place. If no injury takes place, the lender shall pay a fine of six shillings.Item type:Item, 1934 N.J. Laws 394-95(1934)Ch. 155, 1-5: Declares a person who possesses a machine gun or submachine gun a "gangster" and therefore, enemy of the state. Also declares a person who carries a deadly weapon without a permit a "gangster." If convicted a "gangster," punishable by fine up to $10,000 and/or imprisonment up to 20 years.Item type:Item, 1934 Ky. Acts 169-70(1934)An Act . . . prescribing punishment for robbery or burglary . . ., ch. 52,§ 1159(a): That if any person shall commit acts of robbery, burglary . . . robbery of bank [sic] or safe, and in committing said act or acts shall use or display any pistol, gun or other firearms or deadly weapon of any character in so doing; upon conviction such person or persons shall be sentenced to death or life imprisonment in the discretion of the juryItem type:Item, Item type:Item, Laws of King Alfred the Great, A.D. Cir. 890, Cap. 7(890)Prohibited fighting in the King's Hall or drawing weapons. Violators may be put to death by the King. Violators who escape may be punished and fined according "to the nature of the outrage he has perpetrated.Item type:Item, 1932 La. Acts 337-38(1932)No. 79,§ 1-2: Prohibited selling, loaning, giving, purchasing, possession, carrying, or transporting a machine gun.Item type:Item, 1933 Kan. Sess. Laws 76 (Spec. Sess.)(1933)Ch. 62, §§ 1-3: Prohibited possession of a machine rifle, machine gun, or submachine gun.